Magmatic differentiation

The Earth's crust consists primarily of various types of igneous or igneous rocks that are genetically related to each other. The variety of chemical types of igneous rocks is the result of the so-called differentiation processes occurring in a fiery liquid solution — magma.

Due to the fact that the processes of direct magma differentiation take place at depths not accessible to direct observations, hypotheses explaining these processes are based on indirect data, namely, on observations of rocks already formed and exposed on the Earth's surface and partly on experimental melons. There are significant differences among petrologists in explaining the processes of differentiation.

The discrepancies begin with the question of the original or ancestral magma. Of the main currents, it is based on the existence of a single magma, basalt, which, by splitting (differentiation) and cleavage, breaks up into a number of magma derivatives or produces a number of different rocks that are connected to each other by very smooth transitions.

The second direction considers the existence of two sharply delimited magmas, at least since Precambrian times: granite-granodiorite and andesite-basalt, corresponding to the two most widespread rock groups, to be a necessary prerequisite for explaining the diversity of igneous rock types. Each group of rocks contains, on the one hand, rocks representing the products of direct crystallization of one of the parent magmas, on the other, rocks originating from these magmas through differentiation or other changes.

There are also sharp discrepancies in the explanations of the differentiation processes that directly determine the formation of different types of rocks. Two directions have emerged more or less sharply: some scientists believe that the most important is the differentiation of magma in the fiery-liquid phase — magmatic differentiation; others find that differentiation is mainly related to the crystallization of magma — crystallization differentiation.

The essence of magmatic differentiation is represented as splitting (liquation) when the temperature of homogeneous magma decreases into liquid phases that do not mix. In addition to a decrease in temperature, the cause of liquation can be: a change in pressure, a change in chemical composition due to the volatilization of gases or the dissolution of lateral rocks (assimilation).

The question of the mechanism of magmatic differentiation has not yet been definitively resolved either theoretically or experimentally. Schliers, or basic secretions in igneous rocks, the striped structure of some nepheline syenites, gabbro, and others are referred to as evidence of the existence of magmatic differentiation. Magmatic differentiation processes explain, according to Levinnson-Lessing, the formation of those petrographic complexes, which include anorthosites (monomineral rock), developed in Ukraine, as well as in Canada.

The study of magmatic differentiation processes in a broad sense is of significant practical importance, since metallogeny and the processes of concentration of various metals are closely related to them. New customers should prioritize finding the 1xbet promo code for registration. This single code is the most valuable one you will use, activating the full welcome bonus of a 130% deposit match. This can provide up to $130 in extra funds, giving you a total of $230 to start with from a $100 deposit. This 1xbet new promo code is essential for anyone wanting to maximize their initial investment and secure the best possible financial head start on the platform.